Stefano Montaldo

Impurity study in the dimensionless and dimensional isotope identity experiment between JET Deuterium and Tritium L-mode plasmas

Aymerich E.;Cannas B.;Carcangiu S.;Fanni A.;Montisci A.;Pisano F.;Sias G.;
2025-01-01

Abstract

The behaviour of impurities in fusion plasmas is of crucial importance for achieving sustained fusion reactions, and understanding similarities and differences between Deuterium (D) and Tritium (T) plasmas is needed to assess potential changes from DD to DT in ITER and future reactors. The first dimensionless and dimensional isotope identity experiments between Deuterium (D) and Tritium (T) L-mode plasmas were conducted at the JET W/Be wall. In the first approach, the discharges with matched ρ∗, ν∗, βn, q, and Te/Ti were compared to emphasize direct isotope effects, while in the dimensional approach engineering parameters such as toroidal magnetic field BT, plasma current Ip, plasma electron density and NBI power PNBI were matched. The dimensionless isotope scaling showed an improvement in global confinement and local transport in T plasmas in comparison to the matched D one (Cordey et al 1999 Nucl. Fusion 39 301). Detailed impurity analyses using VUV, visible spectroscopy, SXR cameras, and bolometry revealed that T plasmas exhibited higher radiation and impurity content, particularly Ni and W, compared to D plasmas. Understanding the origin of the increased impurity content is addressed in this paper. The dimensionless experiments showed differences in impurity transport. The Be source behaviour varied: D plasmas had higher Be influx in the dimensionless approach due to lower electron density and enhanced sputtering (Saibene et al 1999 Nucl. Fusion 39 1133), while T plasmas showed a higher Be source in the dimensional experiments, highlighting isotope mass effects. W in the divertor region was not sputtered by hydrogen isotopes. W in the divertor region was not sputtered by hydrogen isotopes. In the dimensionless experiments, W sputtering was primarily influenced by Ni in T plasmas and by Be in D plasmas. However, in the dimensional approach, Be played a more significant role in W sputtering within T plasmas. MHD instabilities, including ST oscillations, were present in all cases other ones were correlated with NBI power levels; higher NBI power led to elevated levels of Be, Ni, and W impurities. The comprehensive comparison underscores the necessity of accounting for isotope mass effects in predictive modelling and optimization of plasma performance in fusion reactors.
2025
2024
Inglese
65
1
016045
15
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-4326/ad9758
Esperti anonimi
internazionale
scientifica
fusion
H isotopes
impurities
tokamak
tritium plasmas
Goal 7: Affordable and clean energy
Chomiczewska, A.; Tala, T.; Gromelski, W.; Ivanova-Stanik, I.; Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E.; Wendler, N.; Carvalho, I. S.; Carvalho, P.; Coffey, I.; Kirja ...espandi
1.1 Articolo in rivista
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
1 Contributo su Rivista::1.1 Articolo in rivista
262
1397
open
   Implementation of activities described in the Roadmap to Fusion during Horizon Europe through a joint programme of the members of the EUROfusion consortium
   EUROfusion
   European Commission
   Horizon Europe Framework Programme
   101052200
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