Sistema di Supporto Multilivello (MTSS). Cosa sappiamo sulla sua efficacia e quali opportunità (e vincoli) per la scuola italiana.

Silvia Cau

;Nicole Murroni;Giuliano Vivanet

2026-01-01

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Abstract

This paper introduces the Multi-Tiered System ofSupports (MTSS), an inclusive instructional designframework that integrates foundational and social-emotional/behavioral (SEL/SEB) competenciesthrough a preventive approach and an adaptive re-sponse to students’ educational needs. After outlin-ing its defining features, the paper reviews the avail-able evidence on its effectiveness on literacy, math-ematics, and SEL/SEB outcomes. The findings indi-cate moderately positive effects, particularly forTier 2 interventions in reading and writing and forspecific numeracy interventions, as well as improve-ments in school climate and reductions in problembehaviors. In conclusion, the paper discusses condi-tions, policy opportunities, and critical issues for theadoption of MTSS in the Italian school system, withattention to organizational sustainability and to aculture of evaluation and effectiveness.